Sustainable development—Direct and indirect effects between economic, social, and environmental dimensions in business practices

This study investigates the direct and indirect effects between economic, social environmental dimensions of triple bottom line (TBL), based on a questionnaire survey cross-industrial sample in Sweden. The analyses apply partial least squares structural equation models. tests social, TBL offers additional validity reliability to establish measurement properties TBL. extends earlier findings by explicitly discussing how three goals relate each other shows dynamic capability view can be fruitful lens investigate business sustainability. Some differences sustainability practices caused national cultures are identified. Sustainability reporting strong uncertainty avoidance (UA) country happens accordance with regulations laws. Conversely, for weak UA cultures, compliance ways build trust stakeholders. That is, is more transparent widespread countries. also provides foundation guide companies' actions model companies order undertaken across dimensions. In addition, it clarifies that economic dimension exerts an effect grasps long-term performance including competitiveness brand value, while research mainly has focused short-term measurements as return assets.